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MILLENNIALS AND THE GEN Z: WHAT WILL HAPPEN WHEN THE WORLD IS IN THEIR HANDS?

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MILLENNIALS AND THE GEN Z

By Matthew Eloyi

As you may have known, defining who is a millennial and who is a member of Gen Z (Generation Z) is based entirely on dates (in this case, years). A Millennial is someone who was given birth to between 1980 and 1995. According to research, there are roughly 1.8 billion Millennials around the world, equal to 23% of the global population. A member of Gen Z is someone that was born between 1996 and the mid-2000s. Gen Z is the largest generation ever. Globally, there are almost 2 billion of them, comprising almost 30% of the world’s population. Please, note that the birth years vary according to sources.

Millennials and Gen Z are not parent and offspring respectively; they are siblings. The former is older than the latter, but they are both forged by the internet; and are rightly considered as a single generation with some slight differences of opinion regarding emoji, slangs, and hashtags.

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Millennials and members of Gen Z are offspring of Generation X (baby boomers), the two generations are often referred to as the ‘Me’ Generation, thereby producing the ‘Me Me Me Generation’ who are known for being selfish, greedy, over-confident, entitled and technology addicted. Also known as iGeneration (iGen), digital natives, Post-Millennials and zoomers, Gen Z succeeded Millennials and preceded Generation Alpha. They are famous for being the first generation to be totally engrossed in the internet since birth.

Millennials and members of Gen Z have been molded by the powers of globalization, making society progressively connected and inter-reliant in terms of communication exchange, economic integration, tourism and cultural diffusions. Consequently, they operate in environments that not only vertically integrate several generations, but also horizontally integrate individuals across national and cultural boundaries.

They are the most intimidating and thrilling generation since the baby boomers brought about social revolution. The Industrial Revolution has made them far more powerful that they could move to a city, read and set up establishments on their own. The digital revolution has further empowered them by handing them the technology to compete against giant organizations, as evident in the case of hackers competing against corporations; bloggers competing against newspapers; terrorists competing against nation-states, YouTube directors competing against studios; and app-makers competing against entire industries. In fact, older generations feel threatened by Millennials and members of Gen Z because of their “I know it all” attitudes.

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Characteristics of this demography

Millennials differ from country to country, but because of globalization, social media, cultural imperialism and the speed of change, Millennials worldwide are more similar to one another than to older generations within their nations. Even in China, where family history is more significant than any individual, the Internet, urbanization and the one-child policy have produced a generation as brash and self-involved as the Western one. And these aren’t peculiar to the wealthy ones: poor Millennials have even higher rates of egotism, cupidity and technology addiction in their isolated, segregated and self-contained lives.

Aside being relatively close in age and both being technologically savvy, Millennials and members of Gen Z share many more characteristics. They include, but are not limited to the following:

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Customization: Millennials were brought up in a generation where almost everything could be customized to an individual’s specific liking. They pull this expectancy into their places of work and want their workplace training, work tools and career paths to have the same level of customization. Gen Z shares Millennials’ affinity for customization. In fact, most members of Gen Z prefer customizing their own career plans to having an organization impose one on them.

Enthralled by gaming: Millennials are captivated by products, processes, or procedures that are “gamified”. Inculcating gaming features in your activities will also engage members of Gen Z, especially since majority of them see gaming as their main hobby.

Contribution at home: Millennials were brought up as the household. They help their folks troubleshoot a laptop, create a Facebook account, and download their first smartphone apps.  Millennials feel obligated at work to contribute their distinctive skills and viewpoints. Similarly, members of Gen Z have been helping their folks to conduct research, plan vacations, and many more.

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Enthusiastic about Development: Majority of Millennials undergo training to develop their leadership skills. Their desire for professional development grows as they begin to rise into leadership positions inside of organizations. Members of Gen Z are devoted to continuous learning and development because they know their careers will be longer and more varied than any other generation in history.

Training transformation: Majority of Millennials leave an organization because they are not satisfied with how their leadership skills are being developed. Members of Gen Z share Millennial’s dislike for how boring and obsolete so many of today’s workplace trainings have become.

Motivated by Coaching: Coaching is the workplace leadership style that resonates best with Millennials. This is because they were surrounded by so many coaches during their over-scheduled after-school activities. Gen Z will also pursue coaching relationships because they won’t be looking to leaders for answers (all the information they need is in their palms) but will prefer leaders to coach them through their learning process, decisions, and actions.

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How the age of internet has affected their lives

Millennials and members of Gen Z were born into a stage of development where the internet and social media have been integrated in nearly all phases of their lives. While social media has proven to be a cherished communication tool in connecting with each other and sharing information, the long-term psychosocial effects are beginning to become more obvious as digital technology advances.

The learning process of Millennials and Gen Z differ greatly from that of the earlier generations. Their education has been greatly influenced by technology. At some point in their education, online textbooks, YouTube, Smart Boards, and videos have been used in the classrooms.

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When digital technology newly came into existence, people did not see the Internet as a reliable source for formal research, but as professional journals and books have migrated online, many researchers and scholars now rely solely on electronic resources.

In many schools today, it is more common for students to find all research articles online than to use any printed material at all. With the Internet constantly in the palm of their hands, Millennials and members of Gen Z need only a few seconds to find their desired information.

They always interact but almost entirely through a screen. It is common to see them sitting next to one another and texting. They might look quiet, but they’re deeply nervous about missing out on something better. Majority of them check their phones every hour, and many experiences phantom pocket-vibration syndrome.

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Now that most of them are in the workforce, technology determines how they apply for jobs and what kind of jobs are available. Most available job opportunities now require an all-encompassing familiarity with various forms of technology, and Millennials and members of Gen Z are already well-equipped to handle them.

The Nigerian case: the desire to work less and earn plenty

One of the biggest and most cited conceptions about Millennials and members of Gen Z is their sense of entitlement. This is why some refer to them as the “Me Me Me Generation”, whose selfishness has only been aggravated by technology. In Nigeria, Millennials and members of the Gen Z typically ask for a salary far higher than what they’re worth, or expect a job immediately after graduation as if they are the only ones that graduated.

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The idea is that the generations were raised by baby boomer and Gen X parents who over-pampered them. They were awarded participation trophies just for attending competitive events, and had access to the internet with practically unlimited connectivity in their childhood and early adult years.

Accordingly, they grew up believing that the world already owed them something, and as such, complain when they don’t immediately get it. Consequently, they tend to misbehave at work when their expectations are not met by their employers.

Despite the numerous negative traits attributed to Millennials and members of Gen Z, it is worth noting that the world cannot do without them at the moment as they are the most educated and creative generation in history, and pursuing higher and higher levels of education can only set up future generations for the better, creating a ripple effect that will last long into the future.

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NITDA’s Digital Revolution: Catalysing Nigeria’s Renewed Hope Agenda Through Technology

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NITDA

NITDA’s Digital Revolution: Catalysing Nigeria’s Renewed Hope Agenda Through Technology

“You can’t delegate digital transformation for your company… You and your executives have to own it! Executives need to engage, embrace and adopt new ways of working with the latest and emerging technologies.” – Barry Ross

By Matthew Eloyi

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As Nigeria forges ahead under the leadership of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, the promise of the Renewed Hope Agenda has found a remarkable champion in the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA). Tasked with the pivotal role of spearheading the nation’s digital transformation, NITDA’s performance in the last two years has exceeded expectations, setting a benchmark for innovation, digital inclusion, and socio-economic empowerment through technology.

From integrating digital literacy in schools to deploying state-of-the-art infrastructure and shaping policies that bolster Nigeria’s tech ecosystem, NITDA has played a central role in actualising the president’s vision of a prosperous, tech-driven Nigeria.

NITDA’s aggressive push to embed digital literacy at all levels of society is a bold declaration that the future belongs to those who can navigate the digital world. The agency collaborated with the Federal Ministry of Education to integrate digital literacy into the curriculum of primary and junior secondary schools across the country. This nationwide effort is expected to cultivate a generation of digitally fluent students, positioning them for the global digital economy.

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Under its Digital Literacy for All initiative, NITDA launched massive training programmes across the six geopolitical zones. 166,199 beneficiaries were trained through the Digital Economy Employability Program (DEEP) in 2023, while 50,000 Nigerians acquired foundational digital skills through the DL4ALL initiative. These efforts are geared toward achieving 70% digital literacy by 2027 and 95% by 2030—a target fully aligned with the Renewed Hope Agenda’s ambition for widespread human capital development.

NITDA’s commitment to inclusivity is evident in its female-focused and specialised training programmes. Through the Female Founders Training (FFT) initiative, 30 women-led startups from all six geopolitical zones received entrepreneurial and digital skill training, contributing to bridging the gender gap in the tech ecosystem. Similarly, 402 young girls were empowered through the Gina Mata, Gina Al-Umma programme, which equipped them with skills in digital content creation.

On the occasion of the International Girls in ICT Day in 2024, the agency trained 100 secondary school girls, a clear testament to its commitment to women and girls’ inclusion in digital development. Under the Renewed Hope Initiative, 288 women completed digital skill training tailored to female entrepreneurs and professionals.

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Additionally, NITDA targeted other crucial segments of the society. Artisans, farmers, teachers, and public servants were all included. Notably, 420 artisans across the country were trained in digital content creation and entrepreneurship, 200 teachers in four states received upskilling, and 813 public servants across 35 Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs) were trained on e-governance, paving the way for more responsive and efficient public service delivery.

Amid growing global cyber threats, NITDA took a proactive approach in enhancing Nigeria’s cybersecurity posture. 35,917 Nigerians completed CISCO-certified cybersecurity programmes in areas such as ethical hacking, endpoint security, and network defence.

October 2024 marked a significant milestone as NITDA organised a Cybersecurity Awareness Month filled with workshops, stakeholder collaborations, and media campaigns, all aimed at fostering safe online practices. The agency also supported innovation in the cybersecurity space by organising regional challenges across ECOWAS member states, with 5,341 participants and five innovative cybersecurity solutions presented.

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In 2023 alone, NITDA thwarted 62 hacking attempts and 97 phishing incidents targeting federal MDA websites, showcasing its robust defensive capabilities. A total of 162 cyber threat detections were recorded, and 37 public advisories were issued, reinforcing public trust in the agency’s vigilance.

NITDA as the clearing House of IT Projects in Nigeria is mandated to clear all IT Projects in line with the policy objectives of the Federal Government to maximize transparency and accountability in carrying out IT Projects by Public Institutions. In 2023, a total of 181  IT Projects were cleared and ₦259,731,102,012.45 saved. The agency also cleared a total of 228 IT projects  in 2024 and saved ₦5,037,482,512.72.

NITDA recognises that digital transformation cannot occur without robust infrastructure. In the last two years, it completed the deployment of 80 e-learning solutions and commissioned eight ICT community centres across states including Jigawa, Kano, Ogun, Oyo, Niger, Benue, Kwara, and Lagos. These centres serve as technology hubs, offering training and resources for underserved communities.

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In 2023, a total of 28 Digital Economy Centres were operational across several states, including Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Bauchi, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Niger, Ogun, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Sokoto, and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). Additionally, nine Community IT Training Centres were active in Bauchi, Kaduna, Guni, Jigawa, Niger, Benue, Kano, Gombe, and Oyo. Expansion efforts for 2024 included the establishment of 22 new Digital Economy Centres in Abia, the FCT, Adamawa, Anambra, Bauchi, Borno, Ebonyi, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Lagos, Nasarawa, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, and the FCT.

The agency also completed a well-equipped CBT centre in Kogi State and ICT equipping projects in Gombe and the National Institute for Security Studies (NISS). Under the Outsource for Nigeria Initiative (OTNI), the Gombe project exemplifies how digital hubs can boost employment and skill acquisition in regions that traditionally lag behind in tech infrastructure.

NITDA has emerged as a thought leader in the formulation of policies that govern Nigeria’s digital ecosystem. The agency facilitated the development of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) strategy to position Nigeria in the global AI ecosystem, focusing on ethical adoption and national competitiveness.

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Its IPv6 Adoption Summit was a forward-looking event aimed at ensuring Nigeria’s internet infrastructure aligns with global standards, catering to future connectivity demands.

Major tech firms: Meta, Google, TikTok, and X submitted compliance reports to NITDA, reinforcing the agency’s regulatory authority. NITDA also revised and audited the National Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), completed recertification of ISO27001:2013, and increased awareness on the Trustmark process for e-commerce providers, further establishing trust in Nigeria’s digital services.

Under the Nigeria Adopted Village for Smart Agriculture (NAVSA) initiative, 200 smallholder farmers have been onboarded and trained in precision agriculture and climate-smart farming practices. To date, more than 450 farmers have directly benefited from the program, with over 1,500 indirect jobs created as a result.

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Through the Technology Innovation and Entrepreneurship Support Scheme (TIES), NITDA provided scholarships and funding opportunities, while also supporting startups at major global platforms such as GITEX North Star 2023. These efforts not only boosted the visibility of Nigerian innovations but also attracted foreign investment. Additionally, 10,943 beneficiaries were trained under the NITDA-Coursera partnership between 2023 and 2025.

In a related effort to boost global trade and startup growth, NITDA co-manages the Tech Export & Digital Trade Desk alongside Federal Ministry of Communications Innovations and Digital Economy (FMCIDE) and Federal Ministry of Industry Trade and Investment (FMITI), with a focus on expanding Nigerian startups through the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and global markets. Since its inception, the desk has engaged over 70 startups through two dedicated programs and facilitated more than 10 key connections between startups, partners, and regulators. The initiative also led to the development and dissemination of the AfCFTA Startup Guide and promoted a public-private partnership with NIPOST to enhance logistics for tech-driven trade.

NITDA’s active involvement in prominent global technology events—including GITEX, Digital Nigeria, and the International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (ICEGOV)—has significantly enhanced Nigeria’s international reputation in the tech space. Demonstrating its dedication to knowledge exchange and intellectual growth, the agency also sponsored five Nigerian researchers to participate in the 17th edition of ICEGOV, held in 2024 in Pretoria, South Africa.

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The trajectory NITDA has charted under the Renewed Hope Agenda is one of audacity, vision, and inclusivity. It is a story of how a nation, through the resolve of a strategic agency, is reclaiming its future by digitising its present. Every classroom connected, every artisan trained, every woman empowered, and every cybersecurity threat neutralised is a testament to the agency’s transformative impact.

As the digital revolution gathers momentum, NITDA remains a cornerstone of Nigeria’s journey towards a resilient, knowledge-based economy. It is no longer a question of if Nigeria will lead Africa’s digital future—but how soon.

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Bridging Innovation and Opportunity: NITDA’s Bold Digital Step in Southeast

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Bridging Innovation and Opportunity: NITDA’s Bold Digital Step in Southeast

Bridging Innovation and Opportunity: NITDA’s Bold Digital Step in Southeast

By Matthew Eloyi

In a decisive stride toward digital inclusivity and national development, the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) has once again demonstrated its visionary leadership in Nigeria’s digital transformation journey with the commissioning of its South East regional office in Enugu. This development is not just another bureaucratic expansion—it is a landmark initiative poised to catalyze innovation, bridge regional opportunity gaps, and empower the Southeast with the tools needed for success in the 21st-century digital economy.

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At the heart of this bold step is a clear mandate: to bring the digital economy closer to Nigerians across all geopolitical zones. The newly inaugurated office, commissioned by Governor Peter Mbah of Enugu State and graced by the Minister of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy, Dr. Bosun Tijani, is designed to function as a strategic hub for digital skills development, startup support, regulatory advisory, and multilateral partnerships.

What sets this move apart is the deliberate alignment with President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda. It is no coincidence that Dr. Tijani described the event as “far more than the opening of a building,” but rather “the establishment of a permanent bridge between national policy and local potential.” Indeed, the infrastructure may be physical, but the impact is deeply symbolic—an inclusive and decentralized approach to building Nigeria’s digital future.

With Nigeria’s youth population projected to continue growing rapidly, the question of equitable access to digital opportunities has never been more urgent. This is where NITDA’s role becomes not only relevant but essential. By placing a regional hub in Enugu, the agency is decentralizing innovation, expanding its national footprint, and tapping into the intellectual capital and entrepreneurial energy of the Southeast.

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Governor Mbah’s remarks at the commissioning further underscore the strategic significance of this investment. He rightly emphasized that economic diversification is not a luxury but a necessity, and the technology sector holds one of the brightest prospects for sustainable growth. He went further to applaud NITDA’s foresight, stating that the regional office represents a transformative opportunity for young people in Enugu and beyond to acquire lifelong digital skills that align with the global workforce.

For many in the region, this initiative provides the infrastructure needed to actualize their digital dreams. Whether it’s young software developers looking for mentorship and resources, budding tech entrepreneurs in need of incubation, or universities seeking research collaboration, the Enugu regional office is positioned as a critical nexus of support.

Dr. Tijani’s praise of Enugu as one of Nigeria’s most promising innovation frontiers is both an endorsement and a challenge. He noted that “something extraordinary is unfolding in Enugu,” citing the palpable momentum the state has achieved in less than two years under Governor Mbah’s leadership. NITDA’s presence will undoubtedly amplify this momentum, creating a virtuous cycle of talent development, innovation, and economic upliftment.

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This initiative also sets a precedent for how federal institutions can effectively partner with state governments, academia, and the private sector to deliver development outcomes. It reflects a maturing understanding of digital policy—one that recognizes that progress must be rooted in collaboration, inclusiveness, and regional empowerment.

While Nigeria continues to face multifaceted challenges, the commissioning of the NITDA regional office in Enugu is a refreshing reminder that with deliberate policy and strategic investment, progress is achievable. It is a testament to what is possible when institutions move beyond rhetoric and commit to creating real, measurable impact at the grassroots level.

In a world increasingly defined by data, innovation, and connectivity, NITDA is playing a vital role in ensuring Nigeria does not remain on the periphery of the digital revolution. The agency’s Enugu office is more than bricks and mortar—it is an emblem of hope, a channel for empowerment, and a bold affirmation that the future is not just coming to Nigeria—it is being built, thoughtfully and inclusively, by Nigerians.

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Google and Nigeria: Collaborating for a Digital Tomorrow

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Google and Nigeria: Collaborating for a Digital Tomorrow

In an era where digital transformation is defining economic growth and global competitiveness, Nigeria is positioning itself at the forefront of Africa’s technology revolution. With an ambitious partnership with Google, the country is set to harness the power of artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and digital infrastructure to drive innovation and economic diversification.

According to a report by Punch Newspaper, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu recently announced Nigeria’s commitment to leading AI innovations in Africa. His announcement came after a high-level engagement with SundarPichai, the Chief Executive Officer of Google and Alphabet, during a meeting in France. This partnership, as highlighted by the President, is designed to advance Nigeria’s role in AI and digital technology, reinforcing his administration’s Renewed Hope Agenda, which prioritisesindustrialisation, digitisation, and innovation.

Beyond governmental rhetoric, this collaboration aims to materialise into practical initiatives that will empower businesses, create jobs, and enhance Nigeria’s digital economy. The Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation, and Digital Economy is expected to oversee the implementation of these initiatives, with the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) playing a lead role in execution.

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According to the Director-General of NITDA,KashifuInuwaAbdullahi CCIE, the partnership between Nigeria and Google is a critical step towardtowards making Nigeria a digitally empowered nation , fostering inclusive economic growth through technological innovation. . Speaking in a televised interview, as reported by the News Agency of Nigeria, he emphasised that the collaboration will focus on infrastructure development, upskilling Nigerian citizens, fostering AI innovation, adopting cloud technologies, and creating an investment-friendly environment.

One of the major areas of focus is the establishment of data centres to support Nigeria’s growing digital infrastructure, putting the country on the path of digital sovereignty The NITDA boss noted that no data centre globally relies solely on grid electricity. Thus, the integration of renewable energy sources and carbon credit initiatives will be key to the sustainability of this project.

Furthermore, the partnership aims to enhance digital literacy by embedding digital skills training across Nigeria’s educational system, from primary school to tertiary institutions. This initiative aligns with the broader goal of preparing the Nigerian workforce for emerging opportunities in the global digital economy.

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While the collaboration with Google is extensive, Nigeria is also making strides in AI research through other strategic initiatives. President Tinubu highlighted Awarri Technologies as a key player in the AI space, with ongoing efforts to build critical AI software infrastructure tailored to Nigeria’s unique market needs.

The strategic partnership between Nigeria and Google represents a significant leap toward positioning the country as Africa’s digital powerhouse. By leveraging AI, cloud computing, and scalable digital infrastructure, Nigeria is on course to becoming a major player in the global technology landscape.

With the Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation, and Digital Economy providing oversight and NITDA spearheading implementation, the collaboration promises to create new economic opportunities, enhance digital access, and equip Nigerians with the skills needed to thrive in a rapidly evolving digital world. As Nigeria embraces this digital revolution, the partnership with Google may well be the catalyst that propels the country into a future where technology drives inclusive growth, innovation, and sustainable development.

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