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Antibiotics shortages as surging illnesses spur demand

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Antibiotics shortages as surging illnesses spur demand

Europe and North America have seen shortages of the key antibiotic amoxicillin and other medications as surging illnesses particularly among children have increased demand for the drugs.

Hospitals in many countries have come under pressure from a rising number of illnesses including what has been dubbed a “tripledemic” of Covid-19, influenza and the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) which causes bronchiolitis.

But ramping up the production of antibiotics has proved difficult for drug makers, particularly for cheap generic medicines that offer a slender profit margin.

Here are some answers to key questions about the shortages.

– What and where? –
Amoxicillin is a member of the penicillins antibiotic family and is used to treat a range of bacterial illnesses, including chest and ear infections, often in children.

In France, the medicines regulator ANSM said last month that there are “strong supply tensions” for the version of amoxicillin most used by children, warning the situation could last until March.

Spain’s medicines agency also warned last month of potential amoxicillin shortages.

Germany, too, has sounded the alarm about shortages of a range of drugs including amoxicillin and other antibiotics.

Last week, the UK government issued “serious shortage protocols” for three penicillin-based antibiotics.

The move came after at least 19 children died from Group A Streptococcus (Strep A), amid reports that doctors and parents are struggling to find antibiotics to treat the illness.

Outside of Europe, amoxicillin has been on the US Food and Drug Administration drug shortage database since October.

The FDA told AFP that it “is currently working with the approved manufacturers and others in the supply chain”.

Other countries including Canada and Australia have also recently put amoxicillin on their list of drugs for which pharmacists are authorised to find substitute treatments.

– What is causing the shortages? –
Winter in the northern hemisphere has brought a particularly nasty influenza season as well as spikes in other viruses such as RSV. The surge comes after two years in which Covid measures such as quarantines, self-isolation and mask-wearing significantly decreased the rate of such illnesses.

Pharmaceutical companies who had cut back production because of the previously falling demand are now scrambling to meet skyrocketing orders, causing delays.

The producers of the drugs’ active ingredients have also struggled with shortages.

Sandoz, the generic drug division of Swiss pharmaceutical giant Novartis, told AFP that the “stock shortages at our competitors also contribute to the unexpectedly high sales of our drugs, and therefore to additional supply difficulties”.

– Sign of a wider problem? –
Antibiotics are old drugs whose patents have often fallen into the public domain, meaning that generic versions can be sold cheaply.

Drug makers, therefore, have a little monetary incentive to produce such antibiotics. Indeed, even generics producers can struggle to maintain a significant profit.

Thomas Borel, the scientific director at LEEM which represents French drug firms, said there had been insufficient investment from the industry “in view of the growing demand for this type of medicine”.

He added that the economic model makes it difficult for drug makers “to recover their costs” when it comes to antibiotics.

Another issue is that only around 10 firms, most of them in Asia, still produce the active ingredients for amoxicillin.

– Solutions? –
In the short term, national health authorities have recommended that pharmacists and doctors substitute the drugs in short supply with other medications whenever possible, as well as limiting treatment duration.

Manufacturers including Britain’s GSK have also ramped up production speed.

Sandoz said it has hired more staff and invested in upping production at its Kundl site in Austria.

More broadly, some industry specialists have called for a new business model that combines the needs of patients and those of the companies that produce such cheap drugs.

LEEM’s Borel said “the pharmaceutical industry must be considered to be a strategic sector in which public authorities must be more vigilant than they have been in recent years.”

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NAPTIP to establish command in FCT to tackle violence, SGBV cases

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NAPTIP urges stiffer penalties for rape

The National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking Persons (NAPTIP) says it is proposing the establishment of a command in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) to tackle cases of Violence against Persons (VAP).

The Director-General of the agency, Mrs Binta-Adamu Bello, disclosed this on Monday in Abuja during the 2024 stakeholder’s coordination meeting on implementation of the Violence Against Persons Prohibition (VAPP) Act 2015 and corresponding state laws.

The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that the meeting was supported by Ford Foundation to commemorate the first day of the 2024 Global 16 Days of Activism, an annual campaign to challenge violence against women and girls.

The NAPTIP boss said that the establishment of the FCT command would further solidify the agency’s commitment toward eradicating social menace, especially with the issue of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) in the nation’s capital.

According to the NAPTIP boss, it is expected that the command will enhance quicker response to SGBV cases, improve coordination among stakeholders, provide specialised support services for survivors and strengthen investigation and prosecution.

She said that the command would serve as a model for other states and strengthen stakeholders’ collective efforts to eradicate SGBV within the FCT, while inviting the stakeholders’ input and expertise in facilitating the move.

She said “I have strong conviction that we will leave here with renewed vision toward eradicating the ills associated with violence against persons and in turn, make the country safer and more habitable.

“It is gratifying to note that this meeting is holding on the first day of the Global 16 Days of Activism, which is an annual campaign to challenge violence against women and girls.

“The theme for this year is “Towards Beijing +30: Unite to End Violence against Women and Girls”, which resonates with the 30th anniversary review of the implementation of the Beijing Declaration and platform for action.

“At this point, I must commend the efforts of Ford Foundation for graciously supporting this meeting under the project “Strengthening Government Approach in Preventing and Responding SGBV.”

She reiterated NAPTIP’s commitment to work with states, the mandate Secretary of the Women Affairs Secretariat of the FCT and Civil Society Organisations to implement laws that abhor

Violence against women and girls.

Mrs Tolulola Odugbesan, the acting Director, VAP Department, NAPTIP, said that the coordination meeting was an opportunity for stakeholders to connect, proffer guidance, reflect on concerns, review successes and identify gaps.

She added that the meeting was also to discuss challenges, assess the level and effectiveness of intervention efforts and proffer recommendations and far-reaching strategies associated with the implementation of the VAPP Act 2015.



 

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Plateau to organise free medical care for 200,000 residents

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Appeal Court sacks Mutfwang as Plateau governor

The Plateau Government says it has concluded arrangements to organise free medical care for 200,000 residents.

The Commissioner for Health, Dr Cletus Shukuk, made the disclosure on Monday in Jos at the official launch of “Project 10 Million; Know Your Number, Control Your Number.”

Shukuk explained that the free medical care was basically screening for hypertension and diabetes, which were non-communicable diseases.

The commissioner stated that the programme was a comprehensive intervention strategically in line with the national campaign of the Nigeria Health Commissioners Forum to combat the rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases.

According to him, the project would provide immediate counselling and referral and would also link newly diagnosed patients to treatment facilities.


Shurkuk further said that the increased public awareness would be carried out on hypertension and diabetes.

“The project would support the creation of a hypertension and diabetes register and, in turn, improve data collection, which would enhance health care policies and planning.

“The screening will be conducted in the 17 local government areas and will be done in selected primary and secondary health care facilities.

“I wish to call on the people of the state to avail themselves for the screening exercise to enable them to know their blood pressure and blood sugar level status,” he advised.

The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that Mrs Helen Mutfwang, the wife of the governor of Plateau, was made the ambassador of the “project 10 million.”



 

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Minimum wage: LG boss lauds Oyebanji for approving N70,000 for workers

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Minimum wage: LG boss lauds Oyebanji for approving N70,000 for workers

Mrs Clara Bamisile, the Chairperson, Oye Local Government Area in Ekiti State has commended Gov. Biodun Oyebanji for approving the N70,000 minimum wage for workers.

Bamisile gave the commendation in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Oye-Ekiti on Monday.

She described the governor’s decision as the right step in the right direction towards reducing financial burden for civil servants and making cost of living affordable for them.

According to her, Oyebanji has proved to all Ekiti indigenes that he is a good and compassionate leader, who cares for the wellbeing of his people.

“I want to commend our amiable governor, Mr Biodun Oyebanji, for approving the N70, 000 minimum wage for civil servants in Ekiti.

“He has proved to all Ekiti indigenes that he is worthy, passionate, caring and a good leader, who is ready to make his people happy as we approach yuletide.

“It is a testimony that our governor is ready to make cost of living affordable for our people, and he will not relent to do more if given a chance.”

She urged both Ekiti indigenes and residents to consider Oyebanji for a second term in office to continue his good works.

Bamisile enjoined the civil servants to be diligent in their various departments to justify the salary increment

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